Soilless Cultivation of Stem Lettuce
Stem lettuce is rich in nutrition, cool in nature, can relieve stomach heat, and is listed as the three major vegetables for soilless cultivation in greenhouses together with tomatoes and cucumbers. So how to grow lettuce without soil? Let me take you to understand the soilless cultivation technology of lettuce.
Biological Properties
Lettuce is a tap root system, and the optimum temperature for germination is 15-24°C, and germination can be completed after 4-6 days.
Cultivated Varieties
At present, most of the stem lettuces widely used in soilless cultivation are semi-headed types, which are easy to manage, fast growing, high yield, good quality, can be cultivated in all seasons, and adapt to market needs.
Cultivation Facilities
Because lettuce grows fast, changes crops quickly, and is easy to manage, it is suitable for annual cultivation, especially hydroponics. Other cultivation methods include gravel cultivation, sand cultivation, spray cultivation and so on.
1.Cultivation Bed
The cultivation bed is made of wooden boards, the width of the bed is 2.4m, the height of the frame is 7cm, and the length depends on the conditions. The bed is placed on a suspended iron frame. For the convenience of operation, the height of the bed frame shall be at the waist level, and fine sand shall be placed in the bed (not exceeding the height of the frame). This kind of cultivation bed has good ventilation on the bottom surface and convenient drainage.
2.Automatic Irrigation Device
Dilute the fertilizer in a certain proportion while watering. The regulator uses a 220V power supply, with a timing setting of 12 times/d, and the irrigation time is within the range of 5-30min/time.
Cultivation Management
1.Nursery
Small paper nutrition pots, filled with fine sand, first filled with water and appropriate liquid fertilizer, then start sowing, sow 1 seed in each pot, then cover with a thin layer of sand, place the nutrition pots on the ground, every 1.5m Leave a wide aisle, and then build a small shed to keep warm and moisturize. Plant when lettuce reaches 3 true leaves.
2.Transplanting
Place the nutrient bowl on the sand bed with a row-to-plant spacing of 60cm×30cm. Then, install small spray pipes on the bed, one every 20cm. Mix water and liquid fertilizer evenly, water 3 times a day in spring and autumn, 5 to 6 times a day in summer, and 1 to 2 times in winter, with an irrigation volume of 1L per square meter.
3.Prevent Pests and Diseases
Stem lettuce generally has no pests and diseases, and there are a few aphids in summer, which can be controlled by soil cultivation methods.
Harvesting
The stem lettuce can be harvested when 15-17 real leaves have grown, the heart leaves are slightly curled to the side and the plant weight is about 80g.
The above is the whole content of lettuce soilless cultivation technology.
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